Әñòåðõàí өëêәñåíåң òàòàð ãàҗèòәñå

Èäåë

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Óðîê òàòàðñêîãî ÿçûêà. Òåìà: «×àñòèöû (êèñәê÷әëәð)».

×àñòèöû ( êèñәê÷әëәð) - ñëóæåáíûå ÷àñòè ðå÷è (ÿðäәì÷å ñүç  òөðêåìíәðå), êîòîðûå ïðèäàþò  ñëîâàì ðàçëè÷íûå ñìûñëîâûå îòòåíêè (êèñәê÷әëәð áàøêà ìөñòәêûéëü ñүç òөðêåìíәðåíә òөðëå ìәãüíәëå òөñìåðëәð áèðәëәð).  òàòàðñêîì ÿçûêå  ÷àñòèöû îòëè÷àþòñÿ òåì, ÷òî î÷åíü áëèçêî ñòîÿò  ê àôôèêñàì. (Òàòàð òåëåíäә êèñәê÷әëәð àôôèêñëàðãà (ñүç êóøûì÷àëàðûíà)  ÿêûí òîðàëàð). Îíè ìîãóò âûðàæàòü  è ìîäàëüíûå îòòåíêè. (Êèñәê÷әëәð  ìîäàëü òөñìåðëәð äә àңëàòà àëàëàð). ×àñòèöû ìîãóò ñòîÿòü è ïåðåä çíàìåíàòåëüíûì ñëîâîì, è ïîñëå íåãî. (Êèñәê÷әëәð ìөñòәêûéëü ñүç òөðêåìå àëäûííàí äà, àíûң àðòûííàí äà ÿçûëûðãà ìөìêèí). Ïî çíà÷åíèÿì è ôóíêöèÿì ÷àñòèöû âûãëÿäÿò  ñëåäóþùèì îáðàçîì: (Ìәãúíәëәðå һәì ôóíêöèÿëәðå ÿãûííàí  êèñәê÷әëәð  áåðíè÷ә òөðëå áóëàëàð):

 

 

Çíà÷åíèå            ×àñòèöû        Ìåñòî                 Ïðèìåðû

Ìәãúíәñå           Êèñәê÷әëәð     Óðûíû               Ìèñàëëàð

Âîïðîñèòåëüíûå  ìû /ìå          ïîñëå ñëîâà          Óëìû – îí ëè?

(ñîðàó)                                  ñүçäәí ñîң            Ñèíìå - òû ëè?

Îãðàíè÷èòåëüíûå ãûíà/ãåíә                              Әòè ãåíә - òîëüêî îòåö

(÷èêëәү)             êûíà/êåíә                              êèòàï êûíà - òîëüêî êíèãà 

                          óê/ үê                                    әéòêә÷ үê - êàê òîëüêî

                                                                       ñêàçàë

Óñèëèòåëüíûå      èң/ íәêú      ïåðåä ñëîâîì        íәêú óë - òî÷íî îí

                                             ( ñүç àëäûííàí)    èң ìàòóð – ñàìûé êðàñèâûé

(êө÷әéòêå÷).        ÷àëò                                       äөì êàðàңãû - ñîâñåì òåìíî

                          øûð                                       øûð òèëå – êðóãëûé äóðàê

                          äөì                                        êûï- êûçûë – êðàñíûé

                          êûï-                                       ïðåêðàñíûé                                         

                          àï-                                         àï – àê – áåëûé - ïðåáåëûé

                          ñàï-                                        ñàï – ñàðû – æ¸ëòûé - ïðå-

                                                                        æ¸ëòûé

                          êàï/êûï                                 êûï - êûçûë – êðàñíûé -

                                                                     ïðåêðàñíûé; êàï- êàðà -

                                                                     ÷¸ðíûé – ïðå÷¸ðíûé

                          ÿìü -                                    ÿìü – ÿøåë - çåë¸íûé –

                                                                     ïðåçåë¸íûé

                         êүì-                                      êүì – êүê- ñåðûé - ïðåñåðûé

Óñèëèòåëüíî -       äà/äә            ïîñëå ñëîâà        Êèëåï òә êåðäå, җûðëàï òà 

Ñî÷èíèòåëüíûå -    òà/òә            ñүç àðòûííàí      җèáәðäå. Êàê çàø¸ë, òàê è

(êө÷әéòү – áәé -                                                çàïåë.

ëәү).                                                               Әíèñå äә әéòòå - äàæå ìàòü

                                                                      ñêàçàëà.

Îòðèöàòåëüíûå    òүãåë          1  ïîñëå ñëîâà       Áó – êèòàï òүãåë. Ýòî íå

(èíêÿð)              һè÷              ñүç àðòûííàí       êíèãà.           

                                                                      Óë һè÷ àңëàìûé. Îí íè-

                                                                      ñêîëüêî íå ïîíèìàåò.

Óòâåðäèòåëüíûå  1.áèò                                      Óë әéòòå áèò. Îí âåäü

(ðàñëàó÷û)         2. һè÷                                     ñêàçàë.

                          Ëà/ëә          2.ïîñëå ñëîâà       Ìàëàé êөëә è÷. Ìàëü÷èê        

                          Ëàáàñà/          ñүç                   æå ñìå¸òñÿ.

                          Ëәáàñà            àðòûííàí         Êûçëàð җûåëãàí ëà.

                                                                      Ñîáðàëèñü æå äåâî÷êè.

                                                                      Àңëàäûì ëàáàñà.

                                                                        Ïîíÿë(à) æå óæå.

À. Àêìàåâà.